Nikolay Samokhvalov: UUIDv4 vs UUIDv7: what a random primary key costs in Postgres
Same table, same insert stream, three primary keys on Postgres 18. At 100M rows, UUIDv4 inserted at 0.62 to 0.69 of the rate of an ordered key on the same server, and wrote 1.5 to 1.9 times the WAL per row. Where the cost starts, and what it is made of.